Design of Steel Structures objective question and answer part 1
Question No. 01
Select the correct statement
(A) Material cost of a rivet is higher than that of a bolt
(B) Tensile strength of a bolt is lesser than that of a rivet
(C) Bolts are used as a temporary fastening whereas rivets are used as permanent fastenings
(D) Riveting is less noisy than bolting
Answer: Option C
Question No. 02
The forces acting on the web splice of a plate girder are
(A) Axial forces
(B) Shear and axial forces
(C) Shear and bending forces
(D) Axial and bending forces
Answer: Option C
Question No. 03
Generally the purlins are placed at the panel points so as to avoid
(A) Axial force in rafter
(B) Shear force in rafter
(C) Deflection of rafter
(D) Bending moment in rafter
Answer: Option D
Question No. 04
Which of the following sections should preferably be used at places where torsion occurs?
(A) Angle section
(B) Channel section
(C) Box type section
(D) Any of the above
Answer: Option C
Question No. 05
Other conditions being same, the load factor in indeterminate structures is
(A) Equal to load factor in determinate structures
(B) More than the load factor in determinate structures
(C) Less than the load factor in determinate structures
(D) Unpredictable
Answer: Option B
Question No. 06
Rivets connecting flange angles to cover plates in a plate girder are subjected to
(A) Horizontal shear only
(B) Vertical load only
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of the above
Answer: Option A
Question No. 07
The effective length of a fillet weld should not be less than
(A) Two times the weld size
(B) Four times the weld size
(C) Six times the weld size
(D) Weld size
Answer: Option B
Question No. 08
In a gusseted base, when the end of the column is machined for complete bearing on the base
plate, then the axial load is assumed to be transferred to base plate
(A) Fully by direct bearing
(B) Fully through fastenings
(C) 50% by direct bearing and 50% through fastenings
(D) 75% by direct bearing and 25% through fastenings
Answer: Option C
Question No. 09
If the floor is supported at or near the bottom but top chords of a bridge is not braced, then the
bridge is called
(A) Deck type
(B) Through type
(C) Half through type
(D) Double deck type
Answer: Option C
Question No. 10
The elastic strain for steel is about
(A) 1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/120 of maximum strain
(B) 1/2 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/12 of maximum strain
(C) 1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and 1/200 of maximum strain
(D) 1/24 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/200 of maximum strain
Answer: Option C
Question No. 11
In the virtual work method, the virtual quantity is
(A) Displacement
(B) Load
(C) Slope
(D) Moment
Answer: Option A
Question No. 12
In moment resistant connections, the moment resistance of riveted connection depends upon
(A) Shear in rivets
(B) Compression in rivets
(C) Tension in rivets
(D) Strength of rivets in bearing
Answer: Option C
Question No. 13
The portal bracing in a truss bridge is used to
(A) Transfer load from top of end posts to bearings
(B) Keep the rectangular shape of the bridge cross-section
(C) Stiffen the structure laterally
(D) Prevent the sides-way buckling of top chord
Answer: Option A
Question No. 14
The maximum permissible span of asbestos cement sheets is
(A) 650 mm
(B) 810 mm
(C) 1250 mm
(D) 1680 mm
Answer: Option D
Question No. 15
Lacing bars in a steel column should be designed to resist
(A) Bending moment due to 2.5% of the column load
(B) Shear force due to 2.5% of the column load
(C) 2.5% of the column load
(D) Both (A) and (B)
Answer: Option B
Question No. 16
The moment of the couple set up in a section of a beam by the longitudinal compressive and
tensile force, is known as
(A) Bending moment
(B) Moment of resistance
(C) Flexural stress moment
(D) None of these
Answer: Option B
Question No. 17
The thickness of the web of a mild steel plate girder is less than d/200. If only one horizontal
stiffener is used, it is placed at
(A) The neutral axis of the section
(B) 2/3rd of the depth of the neutral axis from the compression flange
(C) 2/5th of the depth of the neutral axis from the compression flange
(D) 2/5th of the height of the neutral axis from tension flange
Answer: Option C
Question No. 18
Shear buckling of web in a plate girder is prevented by using
(A) Vertical intermediate stiffener
(B) Horizontal stiffener at neutral axis
(C) Bearing stiffener
(D) None of the above
Answer: Option A
Question No. 19
The most commonly used sections in lateral system to carry shear force in built up columns, are
(A) Rolled steel flats
(B) Rolled angles
(C) Rolled channels
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 20
The stress in the wall of a thin cylinder subjected to internal pressure, is
(A) Hoop compression
(B) Shear
(C) Torsional shear
(D) Hoop tension
Answer: Option D
Question No. 21
The risk coefficient k, depends on
(A) Mean probable design life of structures
(B) Basic wind speed
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of the above
Answer: Option C
Question No. 22
For eccentrically loaded columns, the bending factor is
(A) Cross-sectional area of column/Radius of gyration
(B) Radius of gyration/Cross-sectional area of column
(C) Cross-sectional area of column/Section modulus of the section
(D) Section modulus of the section/Cross-sectional area of column
Answer: Option C
Question No. 23
The net area of round bars to resist the tension, is the area of cross section at
(A) Mid-section
(B) Root of the thread
(C) Difference of (a) and (b)
(D) None of these
Answer: Option B
Question No. 24
The bracing between two columns of a steel tank will be designed to resist
(A) Horizontal shear due to wind or earthquake only
(B) Horizontal, shear due to wind or earthquake + 2.5% of column loads
(C) Column loads + 2.5% of horizontal shear due to wind or earthquake
(D) Column loads + full horizontal shear due to wind or earthquake
Answer: Option B
Question No. 25
A column splice is used to increase
(A) Length of the column
(B) Strength of the column
(C) Cross-sectional area of the column
(D) None of these
Answer: Option A
Question No. 26
A beam may be designed as a cased beam if
(A) Section is of double open channel form with the webs not less than 40 mm apart
(B) Overall depth and width of the steel section do not exceed 750 and 450 mm respectively
(C) Beam is solidly encased in concrete with 10 mm aggregate having 28 days strength 160
kg/cm2
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 27
The bracing provided in the plane of end posts is called
(A) Sway bracing
(B) Portal bracing
(C) Top lateral bracing
(D) Bottom lateral bracing
Answer: Option B
Question No. 28
In a built up beam actual bending compressive stress fbc is given by (when y1 is the distance of the
edge of the beam from the neutral axis).
(A) fbc = (M/Ixx) × y
(B) fbc = (Ixx/M) × y
(C) fbc = (Ixx/M) + y
(D) fbc = (M/Ixx) + y
Answer: Option A
Question No. 29
If the thickness of a structural member is small as compared to its length and width, it is classified
as
(A) One dimensional
(B) Two dimensional
(C) Three dimensional
(D) None of these
Answer: Option B
Question No. 30
The statical method of plastic analysis satisfies
(A) Equilibrium and mechanism conditions
(B) Equilibrium and plastic moment conditions
(C) Mechanism and plastic moment conditions
(D) Equilibrium condition only
Answer: Option B
Question No. 31
Lug angle is
(A) Used with single angle member
(B) Not used with double angle member
(C) Used with channel member
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 32
Compression members composed of two channels back-to-back and separated by a small distance
are connected together by riveting so that the minimum slenderness ratio of each member
between the connections, does not exceed
(A) 40
(B) 50
(C) 60
(D) 70
Answer: Option A
Question No. 33
The connection of intermediate vertical stiffeners to the web, not subjected to external loads,
shall be designed for a minimum shear force (kN/m) of
(A) 75 t²/h
(B) 125 t3
/h²
(C) 125 t²/h
(D) 175 t²/h
Where, t = the web thickness in mm and h = the outstand of stiffener in mm
Answer: Option C
Question No. 34
When the upper column does not provide full bearing area over lower column, the column splice
is provided with the following assumption
(A) Bearing plate is assumed as a short beam to transmit the axial load to the lower column
section
(B) Axial load is assumed to be taken by flanges
(C) Load transmitted from the flanges of upper column and reactions from the flanges of lower
columns are equal and form a couple
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 35
For the economical design of a combined footing to support two equal column loads, the
projections of beams in lower tier are kept such that bending moment under column is equal to
(A) Bending moment at the centre of the beam
(B) Half the bending moment at the centre of the beam
(C) Twice the bending moment at the centre of the beam
(D) None of these
Answer: Option A
Question No. 36
The allowable shear stress in the web of mild steel beams decreases with
(A) Decrease in h/t ratio
(B) Increase in h/t ratio
(C) Decrease in thickness
(D) Increase in height
Where 'h is thickness
Answer: Option B
Question No. 37
On eccentrically loaded columns, the equivalent axial load may be obtained by
(A) Adding the axial load, eccentric load, the product of the bending moment due to eccentric
load and the appropriate bending factor
(B) Adding the axial load and eccentric load and subtracting the product of bending moment
and appropriate bending factor
(C) Dividing the sum of axial load and eccentric load by the product of the bending moment and
appropriate bending factor
(D) None of these
Answer: Option A
Question No. 38
Stiffeners are used in a plate girder
(A) To reduce the compressive stress
(B) To reduce the shear stress
(C) To take the bearing stress
(D) To avoid bulking of web plate
Answer: Option D
Question No. 39
As compared to field rivets, the shop rivets are
(A) Stronger
(B) Weaker
(C) Equally strong
(D) Any of the above
Answer: Option A
Question No. 40
A fillet weld whose axis is parallel to the direction of the applied load, is known as
(A) Diagonal filler weld
(B) End fillet weld
(C) Side fillet weld
(D) All the above
Answer: Option C
Question No. 41
In a truss girder of a bridge, a diagonal consists of mild steel flat 4001.S.F. and carries a pull of 80
tonnes. If the gross-diameter of the rivet is 26 mm, the number of rivets required in the splice, is
(A) 6
(B) 7
(C) 8
(D) 9
Answer: Option C
Question No. 42
When the bolts are subjected to reversal of stresses, the most suitable type of bolt is
(A) Black bolt
(B) Ordinary unfinished bolt
(C) Turned and fitted bolt
(D) High strength bolt
Answer: Option D
Question No. 43
Factor of safety is the ratio of
(A) Yield stress to working stress
(B) Tensile stress to working stress
(C) Compressive stress to working stress
(D) Bearing stress to working stress
Answer: Option A
Question No. 44
The size of a butt weld is specified by the effective throat thickness which in the case of
incomplete penetration, is taken as
(A) ½ of the thickness of thicker part
(B) ¾ of the thickness of thicker part
(C) ¾ of the thickness of thinner part
(D) 7
/8 of the thickness of thinner part
Answer: Option D
Question No. 45
The best arrangement to provide unified behaviour in built up steel columns is by
(A) Lacing
(B) Battening
(C) Tie plates
(D) Perforated cover plates
Answer: Option A
Question No. 46
The ratio of shearing stress to shearing strain within elastic limit, is known as
(A) Modulus of elasticity
(B) Shear modulus of elasticity
(C) Bulk modulus of elasticity
(D) Tangent modulus of elasticity
Answer: Option B
Question No. 47
In a built up section carrying a tensile force, the flanges of two channels are turned outward
(A) To simplify the transverse connections
(B) To minimise lacing
(C) To have greater lateral rigidity
(D) All the above
Answer: Option C
Question No. 48
The overlap of batten plates with the main members in welded connections should be more than
(A) 3 t
(B) 4 t
(C) 6 t
(D) 8 t
Where 't' is thickness of batten plate
Answer: Option B
Question No. 49
A fillet weld may be termed as
(A) Mitre weld
(B) Concave weld
(C) Convex weld
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 50
Modified moment of inertia of sections with a single web, is equal to moment of inertia of the
section about Y-Y axis at the point of maximum bending moment and is multiplied by the ratio of
(A) Area of compression flange at the minimum bending moment to the corresponding area at
the point of maximum bending moment
(B) Area of tension flange at the minimum bending moment of the corresponding area at the
point of maximum bending moment
(C) Total area of flanges at the maximum bending moment to the corresponding area at the
point of maximum bending moment
(D) None of these
Answer: Option C
Question No. 51
Gantry girders are designed to resist
(A) Lateral loads
(B) Longitudinal loads and vertical loads
(C) Lateral, longitudinal and vertical loads
(D) Lateral and longitudinal loads
Answer: Option C
Question No. 52
The distance between e.g. of compression and e.g. of tension flanges of a plate girder, is known as
(A) Overall depth
(B) Clear depth
(C) Effective depth
(D) None of these
Answer: Option C
Question No. 53
The effective length of a compression member of length L held in position at both ends but not
restrained in direction, is
(A) L
(B) 0.67 L
(C) 0.85 L
(D) 1.5 L
Answer: Option A
Question No. 54
The live load for a sloping roof with slope 15°, where access is not provided to roof, is taken as
(A) 0.65 kN/m²
(B) 0.75 kN/m²
(C) 1.35 kN/m²
(D) 1.50 kN/m²
Answer: Option A
Question No. 55
Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) Dead load includes self-weight of the structure and super-imposed loads permanently
attached to the structure
(B) Dead loads change their positions and vary in magnitude
(C) Dead loads are known in the beginning of the design
(D) None of these
Answer: Option A
Question No. 56
Design of a riveted joint is based on the assumption:
(A) Bending stress in rivets is accounted for
(B) Riveted hole is assumed to be completely filled by the rivet
(C) Stress in the plate in not uniform
(D) Friction between plates is taken into account
Answer: Option B
Question No. 57
Steel tanks are mainly designed for
(A) Weight of tank
(B) Wind pressure
(C) Water pressure
(D) Earthquake forces
Answer: Option C
Question No. 58
The cross-section of a standard fillet is a triangle whose base angles are
(A) 45° and 45°
(B) 30° and 60°
(C) 40° and 50°
(D) 20° and 70°
Answer: Option A
Question No. 59
If N is the number of rivets in the joint, the strength of a riveted joint against shearing of rivets, is
given by
(A) Ps
= N d
2
× Ps
(B) Ps
= N × (d × t × ps
)
(C) Ps
= N × (p - d) × t × Ps
(D) Ps
= N × (P + d) × t × ps Answer: Option A
Question No. 60
The sway bracing is designed to transfer
(A) 2Vi % of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing
(B) 10% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing
(C) 25% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing
(D) 50% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing
Answer: Option D
Question No. 61
Column footing is provided
(A) To spread the column load over a larger area
(B) To ensure that intensity of bearing pressure between the column footing and soil does not
exceed permissible bearing capacity of the soil
(C) To distribute the column load over soil through the column footing
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 62
Cold driven rivets range from
(A) 6 to 10 mm in diameter
(B) 10 to 16 mm in diameter
(C) 12 to 22 mm in diameter
(D) 22 to 32 mm in diameter
Answer: Option C
Question No. 63
The mechanism method of plastic analysis satisfies
(A) Equilibrium and mechanism conditions
(B) Equilibrium and plastic moment conditions
(C) Mechanism and plastic moment conditions
(D) Equilibrium condition only
Answer: Option A
Question No. 64
Rolled steel beams are designated by Indian Standard series and its
(A) Weight per metre and depth of its section
(B) Depth of section and weight per metre
(C) Width of flange and weight per metre
(D) Weight per metre and flange width
Answer: Option B
Question No. 65
When plates are exposed to weather, tacking rivets are provided at a pitch in line not exceeding
(where t is the thickness of the outside plate).
(A) 8 t
(B) 16 t
(C) 24 t
(D) 32 t
Answer: Option B
Question No. 66
For a compression member with double angle section, which of the following section will give
larger value of minimum radius of gyration?
(A) Equal angles back to back
(B) Unequal legged angles with long legs back to back
(C) Unequal legged angles with short legs back to back
(D) Both (B) and (C)
Answer: Option B
Question No. 67
Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) The minimum pitch should not be less than 2.5 times the gross diameter of the river
(B) The minimum pitch should not be less than 12 times the gross diameter of the rivet
(C) The maximum pitch should not exceed 10 times the thickness or 150 mm whichever is less in
compression
(D) All the above
Answer: Option A
Question No. 68
The gross section of the web of a beam is defined as
(A) Depth of the beam multiplied by its web thickness
(B) Width of the flange multiplied by its web thickness
(C) Sum of the flange width and depth of the beam multiplied by the web thickness
(D) None of these
Answer: Option A
Question No. 69
Pitch of tacking rivets, when double angles connected back to back and acting as tension members
should not be more than
(A) 500 mm
(B) 600 mm
(C) 1000 mm
(D) 300 mm
Answer: Option C
Question No. 70
For a steel grillage footing to support two unequal column loads
(A) Line of action of the resultant of two column loads, is made to coincide with the centre of
gravity of the base of the footing
(B) Trapezoidal shape is used for the base footing
(C) Projections of beams on either side in lower tier are such that bending moments under
columns are equal
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 71
In a tension member if one or more than one rivet holes are off the line, the failure of the member
depends upon:
(A) Pitch
(B) Gauge
(C) Diameter of the rivet holes
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 72
The heaviest I-section for same depth is
(A) ISMB
(B) ISLB
(C) ISHB
(D) ISWB
Answer: Option C
Question No. 73
The effective length of a compression member of length L, held in position and restrained in
direction at both ends, is
(A) L
(B) 0.67 L
(C) 0.85 L
(D) 1.5 L
Answer: Option B
Question No. 74
Efficiency of a riveted joint is defined as the ratio of
(A) Least strength of a riveted joint to the strength of solid plate
(B) Greatest strength of a riveted joint to the strength of solid plate
(C) Least strength of a riveted plate to the greatest strength of the riveted joint
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 75
By providing sufficient edge distance, which of the following failures of riveted joint can be
avoided?
(A) Tension failure of the plate
(B) Shear failure of the rivet
(C) Shear failure of the plate
(D) Crushing failure of the rivet
Answer: Option C
Question No. 76
The maximum tensile and compressive bending stress in extreme fibres of rolled I-sections and
channels on the effective section, is
(A) 1500 kg/cm2
(B) 1420 kg/cm2
(C) 1650 kg/cm2
(D) 2285 kg/cm2
Answer: Option C
Question No. 77
When the ratio of the moment M to axial load P is greater than L/6, the resultant of the
compressive bearing pressure which acts at a distance Y from one side, is given by
(A) y = (L/3) - (M/P)
(B) y = (L/2) - (P/M)
(C) y = (L/2) + (M/P)
(D) y = (L/3) + (M/P)
Answer: Option B
Question No. 78
A circular column section is generally not used in actual practice because
(A) It is uneconomical
(B) It cannot carry the load safely
(C) It is difficult to connect beams to the round sections
(D) All of the above
Answer: Option C
Question No. 79
The safe working pressure for a spherical vessel 1.5 m diameter and having 1.5 cm thick wall not
to exceed tensile stress 50kg/cm2
, is
(A) 16 kg/cm2
(B) 18 kg/cm2
(C) 20 kg/cm2
(D) 22 kg/cm2
Answer: Option C
Question No. 80
Rise of a Jack arch is kept about
(A) 1/2 to 1/3 of the span
(B) 1/3 to 1/4 of the span
(C) 1/4 to 1/8 of the span
(D) 1/8 to 1/12 of the span
Answer: Option D
Question No. 81
Battening is preferable when the
(i) Column carries axial load only
(ii) Space between the two main components is not very large
(iii) Column is eccentrically loaded
The correct answer is
(A) Only (i)
(B) Only (iii)
(C) (i) and (ii)
(D) (ii) and (iii)
Answer: Option C
Question No. 82
For a steel member of slenderness ratio 350, the allowable stress is 76 kg/cm2
if it is
(A) HTW grade of thickness exceeding 32 mm
(B) HT grade of thickness exceeding 45 mm
(C) HT grade of thickness not exceeding 45 mm
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 83
The main type of butt joints, is a double cover
(A) Shear riveted joint
(B) Chain riveted joint
(C) Zig-zag riveted joint
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 84
Bearing stiffener in a plate girder is used to
(A) Transfer the load from the top flange to the bottom one
(B) Prevent buckling of web
(C) Decrease the effective depth of web
(D) Prevent excessive deflection
Answer: Option B
Question No. 85
The central deflection of a simply supported steel beam of length L with a concentrated load W at
the centre, is
(A) WL3/3EI
(B) WL4/3EI
(C) WL3/48EI
(D) 5WL4/384EI
Answer: Option C
Question No. 86
If d is the distance between the flange angles,
(A) Vertical stiffeners are provided in steel plate girders if the web is less than d/85
(B) Vertical stiffeners are provided in high tensile steel plate girders if the web is less than d/175
(C) Horizontal stiffeners are provided in steel plate girders if the web is less than d/200
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 87
Area of openings for buildings of large permeability is more than
(A) 10% of wall area
(B) 20% of wall area
(C) 30% of wall area
(D) 50% of wall area
Answer: Option B
Question No. 88
In case horizontal stiffeners are not used, the distance between vertical legs of flange angles at the
top and bottom of a plate girder, is known as
(A) Overall depth
(B) Clear depth
(C) Effective depth
(D) None of these
Answer: Option B
Question No. 89
Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) The steel beams placed in plain cement concrete, are known as reinforced beams
(B) The filler joists are generally continuous over three-supports only
(C) Continuous fillers are connected to main beams by means of cleat angles
(D) Continuous fillers are supported by main steel beams
Answer: Option D
Question No. 90
The diameter of base of conical flare of a steel stack is
(A) Less than d
(B) Equal to d
(C) More than d
(D) Any of the above
Where d is the diameter of the cylindrical part
Answer: Option C
Question No. 91
The effective length of a compression member of length L held in position and restrained in
direction at one end and effectively restrained in direction but not held in position at the other
end, is
(A) L
(B) 0.67 L
(C) 0.85 L
(D) 1.5 L
Answer: Option A
Question No. 92
Working shear stress on the gross area of a rivet as recommended by Indian Standards, is
(A) 785 kg/cm2
(B) 1025 kg/cm2
(C) 2360 kg/cm2
(D) None of these
Answer: Option B
Question No. 93
The least dimension in case of circular column D is taken as
(A) 0.5 D
(B) 0.68 D
(C) 0.88 D
(D) D
Answer: Option C
Question No. 94
The critical load for a column of length I hinged at both ends and having flexural rigidity El, is given
by
(A) Pc = ²EI/l²
(B) Pc = /l²
(C) Pc = /I²
(D) None of these
Answer: Option A
Question No. 95
Length of an outstanding leg of a vertical stiffener, may be taken equal to
(A) 1/10th of clear depth of the girder plus 15 mm
(B) 1/20th of clear depth of the girder plus 20 mm
(C) 1/25th of clear depth of the girder plus 25 mm
(D) 1/30th of clear depth of the girder plus 50 mm
Answer: Option C
Question No. 96
In case of plastic design, the calculated maximum shear capacity of a beam as per IS: 800 shall be
(A) 0.55 Aw.fy
(B) 0.65 Aw.fy
(C) 0.75 Aw.fy
(D) 0.85 Aw.fy
Where, Aw = effective cross-sectional area resisting shear fy = yield stress of the steel
Answer: Option A
Question No. 97
If the depth of two column sections is equal, then the column splice is provided
(A) With filler plates
(B) With bearing plates
(C) With filler and hearing plates
(D) None of these
Answer: Option D
Question No. 98
On steel structures the dead load is the weight of
(A) Steel work
(B) Material fastened to steel work
(C) Material supported permanently
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
Question No. 99
A steel beam supporting loads from the floor slab as well as from wall is termed as
(A) Stringer beam
(B) Lintel beam
(C) Spandrel beam
(D) Header beam
Answer: Option C
Question No. 100
The area Ap of cover plates in one flange of a built up beam, is given by
(A) Ap = Zreqr + Zbeam/h
(B) Ap = Zreqr + Zbeam/A
(C) Ap = Zreqr × Zbeam/h
(D) Ap = Zreqr - Zbeam/h
Answer: Option D
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