Repair and building repairs related to repair

 REPAIR

1. Glossary of hyponyms related to repair

Repair

This is the action taken up on a building by patching up superficial defects and building

finishes in order to bring back the architectural shape of the building so that all services

start working and the functioning of building is resumed quickly. Repair does not pretend to

improve the structural strength of the building

Reconstruction

If the original building or some elements of the building missing or critically damaged to

carry out any repair, then they are re-created in all new, appropriate material. This is called

reconstruction.

Rehabilitation

It is the act or process of making possible a compatible use for a property through repair,

alterations, and additions while preserving those portions or features which convey its

historical, cultural, or architectural values. Here, although emphasis is provided to retain

and repair the historic materials but more liberty is provided to replacement because it is

assumed the structure severely damaged is severely damaged prior to work.

Retrofit

Retrofitting is the process of upgrading the building which is still in good condition; so that

it becomes safe against future damage which may likely occur in near future. Thus retrofit

involves making changes to the buildings at some point after its initial construction and

occupation.

2. Building joints

A joint is a simple groove cut positioned on the surface of the concrete. These are provided to

allow some cracking to occur there

Control/Contraction Joints

The purpose of a control joint is todivide a large area (brick, concrete,etc.) into smaller areas

to make crackingless likely or to encourage any crackingto occur in the selected

location.Control joints are usually non-workingjoints, except in the case of a brick wallwhere

they act to accommodateexpansion and contraction due to heatingand cooling.

Isolation/ expansion joints

An isolationjoint prevents movement in one part of a building from affecting otherparts of the

building. The most common isolation joint is the "expansion joint."Every building has major

expansion joints that divide the building into segments;these joints go through the structure

such as a wall or a roof and are continuousthrough the entire building.

Construction joints

A construction joint is a joint in concrete where one placement of concrete ends and the next

placement were begun after the setting up of previous work. They are typically placed at the

end of a day’s work but may be required when concrete placement is stopped for longer than

the initial setting time of concrete.

3. Building cracks

A crack is a complete or incomplete separation of concrete or masonry into two or more parts

produced by its breaking or fracturing.Cracks in buildings could be broadly classified as

structural or non-structural type.

Structural crack: These occur due to incorrect design, faulty construction or overloading and

these may endanger the safety of a building. E.g., extensive cracking of an RCC beam.

Non-structural crack: These cracksmostly developed due to internally induced stresses in

buildings materials due to moisture variations, temperature variation, elastic deformations,

creep, chemical reaction, foundation movement, vegetation growth etc. Non-structural crack

do not endanger safety of a building but may look unsightly and create a feeling of instability

and impression of faulty construction. Sometimes, these cracks may allow penetration of

moisture through them thus resulting damages to internal finishes or corrosion of

reinforcement thus affecting stability of structure in long run.

4. Types of building repairs

Day-to-day Repair

These repairs include service repairs which need to be attended on day to day basis during the

services of the building. Examples for such repairs are removing chokage of drainage pipes,

man holes, restoration of water supply, replacement of blown fuses, repairs to faulty

switches, watering of plants, lawn mowing, hedge cutting, sweeping of leaf falls etc. The

purpose of this maintenance service is to ensure satisfactory continuous functioning of

various services in the buildings.

Annual or Periodic Repairs

These are the regular repair works which are carried out at a longer time intervals, say one

year, to maintain the aesthetics of buildings and services as well as to preserve its life.

Special Repair

Special repairs of building are undertaken to replace the existing parts of buildings and

services which get deteriorated on ageing of buildings. It is necessary to prevent the structure

and services from deterioration and restore it back to its original conditions to the extent

possible. Extensive floor improvement, replacement of roof tiles, major joinery replacement

normally falls under this category.

5. Maintenance of Buildings

Building maintenance is work undertaken to keep, restore or improve every part of a

building, its services to a currently acceptable standard and to sustain the utility and value of

the facility.Building maintenance works can be classified into three categories: preventive

maintenance, routine maintenance and corrective maintenance.

Preventive Maintenance (/Breakdown maintenance)

Preventive maintenance is carried out to avoid breakdown of machinery and occurrence of

maintenance problems in buildings and services.

Routine Maintenance

This is the most frequently done activity of all and is done by performing routine and

scheduled maintenance of the property. Changing equipment filters, cleaning gutters,

removing debris from roof drains, caulking, office cleaning, window cleaning and repairs,

and parking lot care are just a few of the many items that require scheduled maintenance.

Corrective Maintenance

These are actual repairs that keep the property functioning normally and usually need to be

done as soon as possible. The repairs are usually done in response to something breaking or

not working properly anymore. This type of maintenance includes replacing a broken air

conditioning unit, fixing a dripping faucet, unclogging drains, replacing light bulbs, or

repairing a non-functioning toilet.

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